Knowledge@wharton

Paper costs are rising mail rate hikes are looming and competition from new media continues to grow. Yet marketers’ use of direct mail and other printed materials is stronger than it’s been in years. Thanks to variable-data printing companies can now tap purchase-history databases to design create and print entirely personalized catalogs that cross-sell products and services to individual consumers. They can also combine print with other media in the evolving discipline known as cross-channel marketing. But whatever strategy a company adopts experts note the challenge is the same: Finding the right way to communicate with customers. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The toughest leadership task for Dieter Zetsche chairman of the board of management of Daimler AG and head of Mercedes-Benz Cars was engineering last year’s breakup of Daimler and Chrysler. But the experience taught him valuable lessons such as the importance of making timely decisions and the need to avoid information overload. Leadership Zetsche told his audience during a recent Wharton Leadership Lecture isn’t always ”fun and games.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Larry Kaiser chairman of the department of surgery and surgeon-in-chief for the University of Pennsylvania Health System is responsible for more than 110 surgeons in his own department and he leads one of the largest thoracic services in the country. Michael Useem director of Wharton’s Center for Leadership and Change Management recently spoke with Kaiser about the challenges of playing a leadership role -- not just in a major medical center but also in a health care environment that has experienced radical changes over the last decade. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Does the mortgage crisis demand a government bailout? A year ago most experts thought not. Sad as the situation was for some homeowners many felt the problem would be confined to those who had gambled on risky loans with eyes open. But things have changed. The mortgage crisis is behind a nationwide drop in home values that is impeding all types of lending. More and more experts now say some sort of government response is necessary to avert a prolonged recession. But what kind of bailout is affordable and fair? See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The U.S. presidential race has reached a critical juncture. The Republicans have a confirmed nominee in John McCain; as for the Democrats Hillary Clinton has bounced back while Barack Obama retains a marginal lead in terms of delegates. How the presidential race evolves will be shaped in part by the increasingly worrisome state of the U.S. economy. Though it has not yet gone through two consecutive quarters of negative growth -- the common definition of a recession -- signs of a slowdown are evident everywhere. What lies ahead for the U.S. and world economies? What is the right strategy for investors in this environment? Knowledge at Wharton discussed these questions and more with finance professor Jeremy Siegel author of The Future for Investors. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The term ”emerging markets” is now more than 25 years old and has come to define wide swaths of the world undergoing rapid economic change. Dozens of countries fall under the label even though they are evolving at their own pace and with their own twists on economic development. Now as many emerging markets show signs of a strong and growing middle-class population observers wonder whether the term has lost some of its meaning. What qualifies a country as ”emerging”? While some say measures based on income or other statistics are critical factors others place an increasing emphasis on the way business is conducted with rules that are transparent and apply equally to all participants. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

As the price of wireless transmissions drops telecom carriers need to focus on new applications that will engage consumers more deeply with their mobile devices -- and encourage them to pay a premium for wireless services according to speakers at the recent Wharton Business Technology Conference whose theme was ”Enterprise Agility: Lead with Speed.”  See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

It would be hard enough under any circumstances to become the first outsider named to lead a 161-year-old global conglomerate but Peter Löscher faced a unique challenge last summer when he assumed the reins at Siemens AG -- the German-based engineering and healthcare giant. During a recent Wharton leadership lecture series Löscher openly acknowledged that his first and most difficult task was dealing with the aftermath of a scandal that included allegations of bribes to foreign governments and union leaders. In his presentation Löscher emphasized the importance of corporate culture and standards. Corruption he said at one point ”is not a sustainable business model.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Big buyout firms like the Blackstone Group and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts do headline-grabbing transactions and collect eye-popping paychecks. But when the economy slows down and lenders turn wary those mega-deals are the first to dry up. Meanwhile the modest middle market -- typically deals in the $500 million to $1 billion range -- keeps plugging along. In fact according to panelists at the 2008 Wharton Private Equity Conference middle-market investors are to some extent insulated from the current credit crisis and other economic ups and downs. ”We’re delighted with the credit crunch ” one speaker said. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

No one makes it to the top ranks of corporate management without a healthy amount of self-assurance. Confidence underlies decisive strong leadership but does overconfidence lead managers to cross the line and commit fraud? New research by Wharton accounting professor Catherine M. Schrand and doctoral student Sarah L. C. Zechman examines patterns in frauds to determine if some frauds evolve not out of pure self-interest but because executives are overly optimistic that they can turn their firms around before fraudulent behavior catches up with them. Their paper is titled ”Executive Overconfidence and the Slippery Slope to Fraud.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

How do consumers react when they discover someone else bought the same product they did at a cheaper price? Do they feel differently if that someone else is a friend versus a stranger? Wharton marketing professor Lisa Bolton and two colleagues explore pricing and fairness perceptions in a new research paper and document how attitudes are different or in some cases similar between consumers in China and those in the United States. The paper is titled ”Culture and Marketplace Effects on Perceived Price Fairness: China and the USA.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Congress and the White House recently settled on an economic stimulus package with unusual speed pushing the throttle to pull the economy out of a nosedive. Is this just election-year grandstanding or does economic stimulus really work? While some experts argue that priming the economy now is unnecessary or even counter-productive others support the $168 billion package and its emphasis on low and moderate-income recipients. As for the health of the economy overall experts agree that no economic boom is in the near-term forecast. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Approximately 19% of the world’s electricity bill comes from lighting according to Rudy Provoost CEO of Philips Lighting. As such Philips the world’s largest producer of industrial and consumer lighting products has a big role to play in the ongoing transformation from incandescent to solid-state lighting using LED technology. Provoost who until last year was CEO of Philips Consumer Electronics is no stranger to new technologies which he says are ”just a vehicle to respond to needs.” Figuring out what those needs are weeding out needless complexity and innovating with an eye on the bottom line are the keys to growth Provoost says. He recently spoke with Wharton marketing professor George Day and Knowledge at Wharton about the challenges of staying ahead in a rapidly changing industry. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

When former Senator George Mitchell finally released his report on performance-enhancing drugs in Major League Baseball last December many of its conclusions came as no surprise to baseball fans most of whom had heard the allegations of steroid use for years. With fans aware of such egregious behavior why has attendance at games continued to climb? Are baseball’s ”consumers” impervious to ethical lapses?  No say Wharton professors but the case demonstrates how bias competition and a lack of oversight can work together to create an ethically toxic atmosphere -- in any field. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

As fallout from the subprime lending crisis continues a number of remedies have been proposed to deal with it. One is legislation to curtail predatory lending which is generally thought to be a factor behind the issuing of so many subprime loans to borrowers with poor credit. What qualifies as predatory lending? And what are the conditions that make it flourish? Wharton finance professors David Musto Philip Bond and Bilge Yilmaz analyze predatory lending in a new paper titled ”Predatory Lending in a Rational World.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In 2005 about two years after Autumn Bayles became the first chief information officer at Philadelphia-based Tasty Baking Company a supply chain executive quit the company. ”As a part of my technology work I was very involved with that side of the operation ” said Bayles who was hired to be part of president and CEO Charles Pizzi’s turnaround team. ”I raised my hand and said ’Why don’t you let me do this?’” They did and she succeeded. Volunteering for new responsibilities and continuously growing in your job were two of the suggestions that Bayles now senior vice president strategic operations offered her audience at the recent Wharton Women’s Conference. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Failing to manage your company’s talent needs says Wharton management professor Peter Cappelli ”is the equivalent of failing to manage your supply chain.” And yet the majority of employers have abysmal track records when it comes to the age-old problem of finding and retaining talent. In a book coming out in April titled Talent on Demand: Managing Talent in an Age of Uncertainty Cappelli offers a fundamentally different paradigm for thinking about talent management one that takes many of its lessons from just-in-time manufacturing. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Delta Airlines is reportedly about to merge with Northwest Airlines in a deal that’s likely to set off a major round of consolidation in the airline industry. Wharton experts say that other major airlines are likely to fall in line with their own consolidation plans. Or so the speculation goes. But this scenario has been talked about before. Is the latest consolidation dance for real? And what are the implications of such mergers for consumers low-cost carriers and the economics of the airline industry overall? See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In the mid-1990s a new C-suite title was born when General Electric CEO Jack Welch dubbed Steve Kerr the company’s ”chief learning officer.” Since then CLOs have sprouted up at major firms in several industries. But what does this new breed of ”learning leaders” bring to the table that traditional human resources departments and employee training programs do not? How does an increased emphasis on learning improve an organization? And do new technologies like distance learning simulations and online portals enhance or impede work-based education? To answer these questions Knowledge at Wharton spoke with Ed Betof former vice president of talent management and CLO at Becton Dickinson and Company who is a senior fellow and academic director of Wharton Executive Education’s Executive Program in Work-Based Learning Leadership; Mike Barger vice president and CLO at JetBlue University; and Ann Schulte  vice president of global learning at MasterCard Worldwide. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out i

Kristin King and Kate Brubacher are founding members of Liberian Widows Initiative (LWI) an organization to aid women devastated by the Liberian Civil War. LWI provides small business loans and savings accounts to members of the extreme poor -- Liberian refugee women who struggle to feed their families and send their children to school. LWI was an outgrowth of Brubacher’s residence in West Africa during 2004-2005. Brubacher is now at Yale Law School and King is a second year MBA student at Wharton. King and Wharton management professor Keith Weigelt talked to Knowledge at Wharton about the challenges of running a grass-roots microfinance initiative several thousand miles away. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.